Above water or below it
An action camera mounts to a helmet, bar or chest and records while you move, sealed against rain and spray. An underwater fishing camera is a different tool: it goes down on a cable with its own lights and feeds a live picture to a screen in the boat, so you can see structure, bait and fish before you drop a line.
For fishing cameras, cable length decides the water you can work and lighting decides how much you see once the light fades. For action cameras, check the waterproof rating against what you actually do, because splash resistance and full submersion are very different ratings.
Related
For hands-free recording on a uniform or a vest rather than a helmet, see bodycams. For road use on a bike, see motorbike cameras. All of them need a memory card.
Common questions
How deep can the fishing cameras go? Depends on cable length, which is listed on each product.
Do they work in murky water? Built-in lights help considerably, though very silty water limits any camera.